Celebrity & Azamara Top Cruisers Choice Awards

by Kevin Griffin writing for cybercruises.com

Sister lines Celebrity and Azamara walked away with the top positions in the Cruise Critic Cruisers Choice awards last week. Looking at the top five ships in three categories in the US and UK polls, Celebrity scored nine firsts and Azamara eight, followed by Oceania and Thomson with six each.

For purposes of its polls, Cruise Critic defined a medium-sized ship as carrying between 1,200 and 1,999 passengers, with anything above that being defined as large and anything below as small. The results are laid out below for the best five ships in each of category for each of the UK and US, as well as the best ship in each category for dining, entertainment and service for the UK and US. The actual ships’ scores are given in brackets. Some of the surprizing results: are laid out below.

Cruise Critic Cruisers Choice awards 2013 - Scores courtesy of Cruise Critic

Cruise Critic Cruisers Choice awards 2013 – Scores courtesy of Cruise Critic

The most interesting result was that of the forty-eight results laid out above, Royal Caribbean brands collected eighteen of the top spots, compared to only four for Carnival brands. Celebrity’s nine wins were all for 2,850-berth Solstice class ships except for 1,814-berth Celebrity Century positioning third in the UK medium ships category. Celebrity took the UK’s top three large ship positions.

Azamara did proportionally even better in that with only two 684-berth ships, it managed to pick up eight of these awards. The other Royal Caribbean win was the 5,408-berth Allure of the Seas, which took third-best large ship in the US results.

Oceania managed six wins in the categories we have chosen above, all by its two newest ships, the 1,258-berth Marina and Riviera. But the real surprise was Thomson Cruises walking away with six awards, not only from their own market in the UK but also from US voters. We can think of only one reason for that and that is that the UK results must be included in the US ones, but the website is not clear as to the methodology.

Certainly, with Thomson selling off brands, such as its ski operation, Neilson, and contemplating unloading others to pay down £1.6 billion in debt, any aspiring bidder might look at Thomson Cruises as a possible acquisition. That its older ships should have achieved tops in the mid-size awards for entertainment in both polls and also outscored Carnival’s brand-new 3,690-berth Carnival Breeze makes Thomson worth a look.

It is actual cruisers who are being polled here and of the Carnival brands only one ship from each of Carnival, Cunard, Holland America and Seabourn managed to score in this sample, and none from P&O or Princess. What makes it even odder is that Carnival Breeze won her spot in the UK survey and not the US one. In the US, Disney managed to score as many wins as all Carnival brands combined.

Norwegian Cruise Line and Crystal each achieved three places, but Azamara’s two ukltra-premium ships taking eight places to only three for Crystal’s two ultra-luxury ships is an interesting surprise.

The New Crop of Cruise Ships

by Kevin Griffin writing for cybercruises.com

This year and next will see the introduction of four new classes of cruise ship, the first of a new crop. Two of these designs, the new TUI Cruises ships from STX Finland and Project Sunshine for Royal Caribbean International from Meyer Werft, are for the Royal Caribbean group. Of the others, Norwegian Breakaway, also from Meyer Werft, will be for Norwegian Cruise Line, and  Royal Princess, from Fincantieri, for Carnival Corp & PLC. Here is a basic comparison of the new ship classes, at least two of which have so far been ordered of each design:

The New Crop of Cruise Ships: a basic comparison of the new ship classes

The New Crop of Cruise Ships: a basic comparison of the new ship classes

The first to be delivered, Norwegian Breakaway, will undertake her maiden voyage, an Atlantic crossing from Southampton to New York, on April 30. At New York, she will become the largest ship to be based there year-round, cruising to Bermuda by summer, the Bahamas and Florida in the autumn and to the Caribbean by winter The most remarkable feature of this ship and her sister ship Norwegian Getaway, to be introduced in 2014 from Miami, will be their Waterfront area, which will include a number of restaurants and bars with open air access to the outside promenade decks on either side of the ship.

Second up will be Royal Princess, the latest design for Princess Cruises, which will come to Southampton in June. Unlike Norwegian Breakaway with her Waterfront, Royal Princess will have new attractions on her very top deck, including a Sea Walk, which will extend 28 feet out over the edge of the ship. Some 60 feet long and 128 feet above the ocean, this glass-bottomed walkway will offer views unavailable on any other ship. On the other side of the ship, the SeaView Bar will extend out over the waves for cocktails with a view.

The New Crop of Cruise Ships: Norwegian Breakaway, Royal Princess, Mein Schiff 3

The New Crop of Cruise Ships: Norwegian Breakaway, Royal Princess, Mein Schiff 3

The top deck will also feature Princess’s trademark Movies under the Stars, and Water & Light Shows, with a computerized fountain of 85 water jets shooting streams of water 33 feet into the night sky. Two freshwater pools and a variety of deck furniture will be available to those who enjoy the outdoors life.

Royal Princess sails on her maiden voyage from Southampton on June 16, when she departs on her 7-night cruise to Iberia. This will be preceded by two 3-night preview cruises for the UK market, leaving Southampton on June 10 and June 13. This ship and her sister ship Regal Princess, to follow in 2014, will be of great interest to British cruisers, as they are the design on which P&O Cruises’ next new ship will be based. The 154,407-ton P&O vessel, to be introduced in March 2015, will differ in profile from the earlier ships in that she will feature a more traditional look, with two funnels arranged fore and aft.

The third of the new designs will be for TUI Cruises, and its third ship. She was ordered after the successful introduction of Mein Schiff 1 and 3, the former Celebrity Galaxy and Mercury, to the German market. The new ship will be completed to a sophisticated and highly innovative design and is scheduled for delivery in the spring of 2014. A fourth ship was also ordered in November for delivery in 2015. Both will have many environmentally friendly features, with particular emphasis on energy efficiency. TUI Cruises primarily targets couples and families who appreciate plenty of space, good quality and personal service and operates ships that are a step above the “Club Ship” buffet concept espoused by its competitor in the German market, Carnival-owned AIDA Cruises.

These orders are important for STX Finland, as it has lost the order for the third Oasis class ship for Royal Caribbean to STX France. In fact, Mein Schiff 3 was the first cruise ship order for STX Finland since the yard delivered  Allure of the Seas to Royal Caribbean in 2010. Ironically, TUI Cruises had to go to STX Finland, as did Hapag-Lloyd Cruises to STX France for its Europa 2 (also to be delivered this year). Both German owners would have been expected to order from German yards but Meyer Werft was not able to deliver on time, having a full order book from Norwegian Cruise Line, which had switched from STX France, and Royal Caribbean. Mein Schiff 1 and 2 were both products of Meyer Werft.

The last new design is still a bit of a mystery. Royal Caribbean has come up with a new design, smaller than the Allure and Oasis of the Seas, but larger than its other ships, under the name Project Sunshine. These ships’ features have until now been kept secret and the only design in circulation is a photograph that appeared on an Italian blog, and may or not be the new ships. On this we wait to see, but that there can be no question that these ships will adopt many of the concepts used on the successful Oasis class ships, except that on a slightly smaller platform they will be able to trade worldwide.

All these new designs meet the latest International Maritime Organization Safety of Life at Sea rules, embracing the concept of “the ship as ‘its own best lifeboat,” that came into place on July 1, 2010.

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How Cruise Sales Differ Across the Atlantic

Image of the house flag of Carnival Cruise Lin...

Image of the house flag of Carnival Cruise Line. This flag is also used within the corporate logo of Carnival Corporation & PLC (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

by Kevin Griffin – The Cruise People, Ltd writing in cybercruises.com

Cruise selling policies differ on both sides of the Atlantic, the most obvious contrast being that in North America deposits remain fully refundable up to final payment date, while in Europe’s largest cruise market, the UK, one forfeits their deposit if they cancel. But even in Europe practices differ.

In Germany, for example, Europe’s second largest cruise market (and soon to be largest), deposits are usually refundable up until just a month before sailing. But in the meantime, a couple of other notable differences have sprung up in recent times, first on who can buy a cruise where and second on agents remuneration.

On the first subject, P&O has long been known for prohibiting cross-border cruise sales. Three decades ago, the author was quoted a fare by P&O Los Angeles on a cruise from Sydney that was 33% higher than the same cruise quoted in Australia. A similar complaint was made to UK cruise magazine “World of Cruising” in more recent times when Swiss clients were told they had to book a Princess cruise through Swiss agent Kuoni at a higher fare than offered in Florida.

Through its association with P&O, this restriction has now also spread to Cunard, which no longer allows cross-border bookings and whose Transatlantic sailings can be as much as 25% more expensive in the UK. But even here there is no consistency, as sometimes UK fares for the same sailing are lower than the North American fares.

Meanwhile, this prohibition has spread beyond P&O. To cite an example, Vacations to Go, a US agent with a UK phone number, states on its web site that “the following cruise lines now prohibit all US travel agencies from selling cruises to citizens of countries other than the US and Canada, unless they have a residence in the US or Canada.
This is not a Vacations To Go policy or a US government policy, it is a corporate policy instituted by each of these cruise lines.”

It then goes on to name “Holland America, Oceania Cruises, Princess, Royal Caribbean and Star Clippers.”

More recently, appointed as US agent for P&O Cruises, its site adds for good order that “residents of the UK may not book P&O Cruises through Vacations To Go.” Missing from the list is one line that used to be there, namely Costa.

In an age of globalisation this practice of cruise lines prohibiting cross-border sales is in effect a restraint of trade and we wonder how legal it is. Apple once tried something similar with its iTunes pricing within Europe, restricting buyers to making purchases in their own country, and thus forcing some to pay higher prices. In 2004 the UK Office of Fair Trading referred Apple to the European Commission for violation of EU free-trade legislation and in 2007 Apple was threatened with a £330 million fine.

In the end Apple had to agree to offering common pricing throughout Europe. In a single market such as Europe customers should be free to purchase goods and services from any member state, but this still appears to be not the case with many cruise lines.

On another subject, P&O, Princess and Cunard last year announced that they would cut agents’ commissions in the UK to 5% in an attempt to try to stop them from rebating, a process whereby agents would pass on part of their commission to the client in order to “buy” their business.

Meanwhile agents selling the same Princess and Cunard cruises in North America (and elsewhere) are still paid on a scale of 10-15%. One of the reasons P&O, Princess and Cunard UK did this was apparently a fear of being accused of resale price maintenance. This is a practice whereby a manufacturer and its distributors agree on pricing, a practice that is outlawed in the UK. But whether a service is a manufactured good and an agent is a distributor are moot points.

Meanwhile, this spring, Fred. Olsen Cruise Lines’ adopted a different approach, which is to offer 10% agency commission and threatening to stop sell agents who rebate from their commission. Those who did not rebate would be rewarded by a 5% bonus at the end of the year.

This in effect would punish agents who rebate, as opposed to punishing those who do not rebate by cutting their income, which was the case with P&O, Princess and Cunard UK. The Fred. Olsen approach shows strength and is a refreshing change and it will be interesting to see where this all goes. Clearly at 5%, P&O, Princess and Cunard UK are well below the usual cruise sales norm of 10%.

Back in North America, on August 1 Carnival Cruise Lines will further toughen its own anti-rebating stance. From that date, agents may only offer clients non-cash value-add-ons equivalent to a maximum of $25 per person.

Non-cash equivalents means bags, hats, beach towels, memory books, sunglasses or Carnival favours delivered on board, and on-board credits will no longer be allowed. Carnival first introduced level pricing in 2003, then an advertised price policy in 2005.

Last week, Carnival president Gerry Cahill visited London in anticipation of the Carnival Magic sailing from Dover next year. Illustrating the dichotomy on commiassion policies within the Carnival group, Cahill told the UK’s Travel Trade Gazette “we have our own commission structures, ranging from 10-15%. We want to make sure that we’re different to our sister brands as sensitively as we can. Each brand makes its own decisions.”

P&O’s commission cuts seem to have had some effect, however. Cahill’s ultimate boss, Carnival Corp & PLC ceo Micky Arison seemed to be supporting P&O’s stance when he told the UK’s Travel Weekly last week that “The reality is that the ones who were the biggest screamers were the biggest discounters. They lost their competitive advantage as they could no longer give their commission away and found they couldn’t make a living.”
Meanwhile, there was a lot of collateral damage among agents who were not rebating.

Royal Caribbean has also been tough on North American agents who rebate and at one stage even put a stop-sell on Vancouver-based CruiseShipCenters, now Expedia CruiseShipCenters. But Royal Caribbean and Celebrity Cruises also continue to offer normal commission levels in the UK market, leaving P&O, Princess and Cunard somewhat isolated.

Indeed, it was Royal Caribbean Cruises’ ceo Richard Fain that told a London audience in April that the agency distribution system “is not broken” and that Royal Caribbean would take “no precipitate action” on commission levels.

How different things are on the two sides of the Atlantic!

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Carnival Revives the Dominican Republic’s North Shore

by Kevin Griffin – The Cruise People

Carnival Corporation & PLC has announced plans for a new $65 million two-berth cruise ship centre in the Dominican Republic. The new 30-acre Amber Cove Cruise Centre is being built at the Bay of Maimon, about fifteen miles west of Puerto Plata, and is due for completion in 2014. The new terminal is a joint project between Carnival and Báez & Ranick, a local ocean transportation, logistics and marine services group.

The project is designed to re-establish the Dominican Republic’s north coast as a popular cruise destination. The last cruise ship to call to Puerto Plata did so nearly thirty years ago now but the new facility is expected to host more than 250,000 cruise passengers in its first year of operation.

Carnival is expecting the new cruise hub to host up to 8,000 cruise ship passengers daily — vastly more than the 350,000 cruise passengers who visited the Dominican Republic in 2011. Last year saw a 1% decrease in passenger numbers to the country but Carnival is hoping its $65 million investment will reverse that trend. Puerto Plata was in the past the country’s second cruise destination after Santo Domingo.

As well as offering a gateway into the Dominican Republic, the cruise centre will include thirty acres of waterfront property and will feature a welcome centre, a variety of retail offerings, themed restaurants and bars and a water attraction. A transportation hub will allow visitors easy access by land and sea to the surrounding attractions. The news follows by two years the 2010 announcement of a $27 million terminal for Puerto Plata that did not involve cruise lines and was the subject of much criticism.

As Steven Stern says in his Stern’s Guide to the Cruise Vacation, “In Puerto Plata, there is little to do other than shop for amber in the local market, but if you feel adventurous, rent a horse at the dock and ride through the countryside to the beach.” Amber Cove is fifteen miles to the west of Puerto Plata.

A precedent for the Amber Cove project is Carnival’s own Mahogany Bay Cruise Centre in Roatan, Honduras, which it opened in 2009. Mahogany Bay has now hosted more than a million passengers, not only in Carnival ships but also in ships from Princess, Holland America, Seabourn, Costa and P&O, as well as non-group vessels. Another is Grand Turk Cruise Centre, which Carnival opened in the Turks and Caicos Islands in 2006. It will host 285 ships bringing 675,000 visitors this year. Carnival Corp & PLC seem to be building themselves a stable of these new ports in the Caribbean.

Cunard’s Three Queens Celebrate Diamond Jubilee

by Kevin Griffin of The Cruise People writing in cybercruises.com

Tuesday June 5 saw all three of Cunard’s Queens,  148,528-ton RMS Queen Mary 2,  90,901-ton Queen Elizabeth and  90,049-ton Queen Victoria, in Southampton to celebrate HM The Queen’s sixty years on the throne

This will be followed by an even bigger event four weeks later, when P&O Cruises has invited the Princess Royal to Southampton to conduct a fleet review on the event of its 175th Anniversary on Tuesday July 3. All seven UK-based P&O ships (there are three more in Australia) will visit Southampton on the same day. But Cunard still takes precedence as the Queen has christened two-thirds of its fleet – Queen Mary 2 in 2004 and Queen Elizabeth in 2010 – but only one of P&O’s, 69,153-ton Oriana in 1995.

As Queen Elizabeth and Queen Victoria took bow-to-bow positions near the City Cruise Terminal, Queen Mary 2 edged in to create a three-bow formation while flag-waving crew lined the foredecks off all ships and their whistles sounded a salute. After the event, Queen Mary 2, Queen Victoria and Queen Elizabeth passed in single file down the Solent as they all set out on celebratory Diamond Jubilee voyages with a total of about 6,000 passengers. Cunard’s turn for its own 175th Anniversary will come in 2015.

Cunard is meanwhile looking to develop more first-time cruisers and wants more agents to sell its cruises. Company president Peter Shanks last week told Travel Weekly, “Agents can find Cunard difficult to sell: we’re not mass-market and we’re not small-ship luxury. We have a unique mix, which I believe agents should be selling to a wider range of clients… We will be working closely with agents who want to sell Cunard for the first time. We want to work with high street agents to find more first-time cruisers and work with online agents on marketing campaigns.”

Cunard could have made this job much easier for itself if it had not reduced travel agents’ commissions from 12.5-15% down to 5% earlier this year.

Meanwhile in Canada, the Port of Saint John, New Brunswick, has announced that its new cruise terminal, expected to open this autumn, is to be named the Diamond Jubilee Cruise Terminal. The announcement was made on the occasion of the Diamond Jubilee visit to Saint John of Prince Charles, heir to the throne, and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, on May 23.

The first caller to the new terminal is expected to be 83,338-ton Disney Magic, which is scheduled for September 5. Saint John also has the nearby Marco Polo Cruise Terminal, named after a locally-built clipper ship, and a facility at Long Wharf. The Canadian port expects seventy-three cruise ship visits this season with more than 187,000 passengers.

Oceania Cruises’ Riviera Confirms Positioning in the Market

by Kevin Griffin writing for cybercruises.com

Oceania Cruises’ Riviera, a sister ship of  Marina delivered in January 2011, was christened in Barcelona on Friday. At 66,084 tons, she would have been one of the largest in the world two decades ago, but is now just a footnote in an age where cruise ships have exceeded 225,000 tons and carry more than 6,000 passengers. In fact, more than 100 cruise ships exceed the size of these two sisters.

But those big ships, with all their children’s attractions (and we know that some adults are just grown up children), are much more like fun fairs than the cruise we used to know.

Riviera and her sister ship, however,are built on a more human scale, retaining their attachment to the sea. They are not like the big ships, travelling engineering marvels. But they are sophisticated.

As in days of yore, these ships exude quality on board and offer a quality cruising experience, reminiscent of the type of thing New Yorkers used to experience in Home Lines’ Oceanic, the first large purpose-built cruise ship, and Holland America Line’s once Transatlantic liner Rotterdam in the 1960s and 70s, and Brits knew with P&O’s traditional Canberra and Oriana, while both sides shared Cunard Line’s Caronia.

Riviera and Marina are very similar in dimensions if not in tonnage to these well-remembered ships, much as if this style of ship has returned after half a century:

Oceania Cruises has furthermore pulled a brilliant coup by positioning their ships as upper premium rather than utra-luxury. This means that it is easier to exceed passengers’ expectations when the ships’ position in the market is understated.

This formula has won the day for Oceania and the proof of it is in the 2012 issue of the Berlitz Complete Guide to Cruising & Cruise Ships. Not only has Marina, the first of the twins, scored highly, achieving a full five stars and 1701 points out of 2000, but she has eclipsed her own supposedly more upmarket stablemates over at Regent Seven Seas Cruises, the all-inclusive arm of Prestige Cruise Holdings.

Ironically, I’m sure this is not what Prestige intended but the three Regent ships have been given only four-plus stars and an average of 1633 points out of 2000.

The reviews for both of the new ships have been consistently good, with the only criticism being that unlike the traditional cruise ships named above the new sisters have no walkaround promenade deck. However, the new Oceania sisters measure an impressive 52.8 tons per passenger, offering about a third more space per passenger compared to the average of about 40 on most contemporary ships to-day.

Riviera will offer a total of twenty Mediterranean cruises before heading for her new home port of Miami in November. Meanwhile, with two new ships now delivered to Oceania, it was reported that the top executives from both Prestige Cruise Holdings and the Italian shipbuilders Fincantieri who built the latest pair, were back on board Riviera negotiating the next newbuilding for Regent Seven Seas.

Berlitz Guide to Cruising 2012

by Kevin Griffin of The Cruise People writing in cybercruises.com

The latest edition of the “Berlitz Complete Guide to Cruising & Cruise Ships” by Douglas Ward has just arrived. A mammoth tome, as usual since the huge growth of cruising has taken place, it has still managed to slim itself down this year, from 722 pages to 690.
Now in its 27th year of publication, one of the more interesting points about this issue is that Oceania Cruises’ new Marina has joined the top ten mid-size cruise ships (600-1600 berths) in terms of points, with her score score of 1701 being exceeded only by Crystal Serenity at 1717 and tied by Crystal Symphony, all of which have been awarded five stars.

This means that Marina has also joined Hapag-Loyd’s Europa, scoring 1852 and alone in the five-stars-plus category and top of the tops since she was first introduced, and a small number of other ships at the top of the league, rating a very creditable number 18 out of the 285 ships scored this year. In the small ship category (200-600 guests) all ten top ships scored above 1750 and in the boutique category (50-200) five out of ten scored above 1701. In the large ship category, only Queen Mary 2 achieved five stars for its Grill Class, at 1702.

At 1701, Marina has even outscored Regent’s Seven Seas Voyager (1654) and Seven Seas Mariner (1651), which ironically puts those all-inclusive ships into the four-stars-plus category while the extra tariff Marina receives a full five stars. Her 1651 compares well with 1611-12 scored by Celebrity’s four “Solstice” class ships. Indeed, the Marina outscores the Seven Seas Voyager in every category except entertainment, where she falls just one point short of the Voyager.

One peculiarity brought out by the guide is how fully fifteen of the eighteen best luxury ships according to Ward, or more than 80%, have names that begin with the letter “S” – is there something a psychologist is not telling us here? The only ships in this category that don’t begin with “S” are  Europa and the two Crystal ships.

In the “Daily Telegraph’s” Saturday Travel Section this weekend, Ward named his personal favourite top ten as Europa, SeaDream I and SeaDream II, Seabourn Quest, Odyssey and Sojourn, Silver Spirit, Hanseatic, Sea Cloud and Marina. There she is again. Indeed, in his article in The Telegraph, Ward says about Marina: “Larger than all the other ships at the top of the charts, Marina is a ship with some splendid design features and some of the largest suites at sea, with ‘country house’ décor that could easily feature in a glossy magazine. A stunning wrought-iron and Lalique horseshoe-shaped staircase is the focal point of the ship’s finely outfitted interior, while only the very best linens and fabrics have been provided.”

Back to the Berlitz Guide, also new this year is Cunard’s Queen Elizabeth, whose Grill Class scored her 1690, for four-stars-plus, exceeding slightly Queen Victoria’s 1671. And new to the top ten boutique ships this year is Hapag-Lloyd Cruises’ Bremen, scoring 1553, well up from 1461 last year.  Bremen went up in points in all categories, but particularly in cruise experience, where she was up 14%, and food, where she gained 5%. By comparison her five-star fleetmate Hanseatic scored 1746, for five stars.

Also new this year, in big ships, Celebrity Silhouette at 1612 and Disney Dream at 1555, both at four-stars-plus, Mein Schiff 2 at 1548, Allure of the Seas at 1528, Queen Elizabeth (Britannia Class), at 1493, AidaSol at 1490 and Costa Favolosa at 1447, all at four-stars. In the mid-size category, there was notable improvement in the scores of Azamara Quest (1562 as against 1466) and Azamara Journey (1561, up from 1465), which took both ships from four stars into four-stars-plus since they were rebranded as Azamara Club Cruises.

Newly rated Adonia came close at 1540, but scored just four stars. In small ships, Seabourn Quest came in with a score of 1787 for a solid five-star rating. while French twins L’Austral and Le Boréal came in at 1543 each, for four-star status, and Aegean Odyssey scored 1341 for a three-stars-plus.

One surprise, however, is that a ship called Hamburg that is not sailing yet scored 1398 points for three-stars-plus. That ship is still sailing today as  Columbus for Hapag-Lloyd and will have a complete change of crew when new operators Plantours take her over in six months time, so we fail to see how Berlitz managed to score her in advance. Perhaps more deserving of a “Not Yet Rated” score we should think. In the same way, two other ships, Spirit of Oceanus, now trading as Sea Spirit, and Clelia II, now trading as Orion II, seem to have come through their changes of identity with identical scores of 1222 and 1402, respectively, after a change of ownership and areas of operation.

All in all, however, the “Berlitz Complete Guide to Cruising & Cruise Ships” is well worth the money and answers many of the questions the cruise lines, or even some cruise agents, won’t answer.

After Private Islands, Do The New Cruise Ports Really Appeal?

by The Cruise People’s Kevin Griffin writing in cybercruise.com

Back in 1977 NCL, then known as Norwegian Caribbean Lines, opened up its own private island at Great Stirrup Cay in the Bahamas. When I became one of the private island’s first visitors in 1978 I found it to be a rather vapid place, although the warm beach weather was grand.

Now, however, more than three decades later, cruise lines are opening up whole new cruise ports such as Grand Turk, Costa Maya, Roatan and Falmouth, Jamaica. But just as private islands were regarded as rather synthetic at the time, do new cruise ports really meet with the approval of to-day’s cruise passengers?

Mainline cruising to-day has become an industry of amusement rather than travel and exploration as was once the case. First we had large show lounges, then shopping, then alternative restaurants, then spas, then private islands, then agreements for on-board entertainment with the likes of Nickelodeon and Dreamworks Animations and new ports. Now we have cruise-line owned and developed ports to add to cruise line coffers.

As Mark Tré called them in this column in November 2009, these “Coney Islands of the Seas” are about anything but exploration. They offer shopping, bars and other diversions. Cruise Critic puts it well when it says “Costa Maya is what you’d expect if, say, Disney World decided to create its own private island in Mexico: a man-made tourism village with bars, restaurants, shops and pools at the ready. The faux village itself was created solely to woo cruise passengers.”

These places tend to style themselves after North American suburban malls, with the more recent addition of amusement rides bringing them into the realm of theme parks (remember that when hiring to-day, some cruise lines regard experience in theme parks as good as cruise or hotel experience).

This year’s newest cruise port, created by Royal Caribbean for  Oasis and Allure of the Seas, is Falmouth, Jamaica, opened just six months ago by Oasis of the Seas. Located between Montego Bay and Ocho Rios, it will cater for Royal Caribbean’s new jumbo ships as well as others, but unlike some other new ports has been developed as a heritage renewal project.

Like Cozumel and Grand Turk it will eventually have shoreside beer bars and “retail experiences” galore, but the real difference is that Falmouth is home to one of the Caribbean’s largest historic colonial districts, with a collection of intact Georgian homes. While early visitors say that there is not much infrastructure there yet this will happen with time.

Meanwhile, to the east, Grand Turk, a Carnival Group & PLC port, boasts of the Caribbean’s largest Margaritaville bar, restaurant and store, and 45,000 sq ft shopping centre. Previously an isolated out-of-the-way island of 3,700 souls, it had not seen regular passenger service since the old Clyde Line called there a century ago, Grand Turk has now come to the fore as it is relatively close to Miami, and only thirty miles south of the Bahamas.

It is mainly Carnival, Costa, Holland America, P&O, Princess and Seabourn that call here although it does also see occasional calls from Crystal, Oceania and Regent Seven Seas.

The appeal of these new ports has been called into question recently, however, by the results of a Cruise Critic poll and by no less a personage than Arthur Frommer,the famous travel writer. Earlier this month, Cruise Critic published the results of the following poll: “What do you think of custom-built Caribbean ports like Falmouth and Costa Maya?”:

I’ve never been to one 41.9%
They’re cheesy, give me a real place 28.8%
Easy access to tours, so they’re fine 23.9%
Love the shopping opportunities 5.8%

Then last week, Frommer weighed in with his own rather interesting comments, while somewhat rephrasing the question in his own way:

“A recent poll at Cruise Critic set out to determine what they thought of the various private beaches, private islands, and phony port cities that the cruise lines are busily throwing up all over the Caribbean. The results weren’t favourable to these artificial communities. Forty-two percent of the persons polled responded that they had either never heard of or never experienced a private island, private beach or phony port, which means they never really felt the need for such a facility.

Nearly thirty percent responded that they regarded these artificial facilities as ‘cheesy,’ something they could do without. The near-thirty percent went on to say that they preferred going to a ‘real’ port. Only a small twenty-four percent opined that they enjoyed these newly-built stops, and a tiny six percent said they liked them but only for the shopping options they provided.”

“Interestingly enough, one of Cruise Critics’ readers responding to the poll told of taking a long bus ride from the artificial port (Costa Maya) to see actual ruins, while their in-laws remained at the port. Those in-laws later told ‘horrible stories about being pressured to buy items in this tourist-built port from retailers.

The retailers complained to my mother-in-law that she had to buy something because they only had two cruise ships in port and they weren’t making enough money… She’ll never go to Costa Maya again.

“The readers who had gone on the motor coach tour leaving from the phony port told of passing nearby wooden barracks erected to house the people who worked there, who otherwise found they could not live in the nearest actual community because it was too far away. All in all, not a very encouraging response to these phony port cities, private beaches and private islands.”

Frommer has obviously formed his own opinion of the new cruise ports but if one is not looking for “amusement,” it is quite simple to book an alternative cruise on lines such as Azamara, Crystal, Oceania, Regent, Seabourn, SeaDream, Silversea, Star Clippers or Windstar that will take you in smaller ship to more out of the way ports. But even then, some ships from Crystal and Oceania now call at Grand Turk.

In fact, if one looks at the berths offered to-day by just the lines that are named above it comes pretty close to the entire capacity of the cruise market in the 1970s, something that itself confirms the fact that “amusement” cruising is just a new development of an old product. While “amusement” cruising attracts most of the attention these days, it almost has to if Royal Caribbean are to be able to fill more than 10,000 berths on its two largest ships sailing from Fort Lauderdale every week, week-in week-out year-round.

Allowing for a two-week drydocking for each ship, that’s half a million passengers a year for just two ships, larger than most of the world’s national cruise markets. But once should never forget that there are always alternatives to the mass market.

Why Some European Cruise Lines Now Avoid America

by Kevin Griffin of The Cruise People writing in cybercruises.com

We read recently how when P&O Cruises’ Arcadia called on Los Angeles on May 26, during a 72-night return cruise from Southampton to Alaska, her clearance was delayed for seven hours by US Homeland Security. Not only were her 2,000 mostly elderly passengers delayed, but there also seemed to be no real reason for it, the ship having visited only US and Canadian ports since her May 7 inward call at San Francisco.

Despite this, and even though all had completed applications for multiple-entry ESTA visas, her passengers were subjected to detailed passport checks, extensive background interviews, and full biometric checks, including fingerprints of both hands and retina scans. In the end, although some were off the ship before 11 am, all the ship’s passengers were not cleared until 4:30 in the afternoon and P&O had to extend her Los Angeles call by a day and drop a call at Roatan in order reach Fort Lauderdale on schedule later in the cruise.

A June story in the “Daily Telegraph” reported that Arcadia’s passengers “had already been given advance clearance for multiple entries to the country during their trip,” but “when a handful of them questioned whether the lengthy security checks at the port were strictly necessary for a group of largely elderly travellers, officials were not amused.” It seemed like retaliation. Surely, one of the courses administered at Homeland Security should be manners. In the meantime, with similar stories being heard from US airports, behaviour like this is sending business away from American shores and hurting their economy. There must be a better way.

Arcadia had left Southampton on April 12 for the Caribbean, Mexico, the US West Coast, Alaska and British Columbia, with visits planned at no fewer than nineteen US ports, three on the West Coast, eight in Alaska (three of which were for sightseeing), and six on the East Coast. With that number of visits, it seems surprising that the ship had such trouble in Los Angeles, her eleventh US port, when she arrived from Vancouver, particularly so as it was during this cruise that the world learned that Osama bin Laden was dead.

But the story finally made public something that has been going on for several years and usually escapes the news. The cause of these problems is that invariably on the arrival of a “foreign” cruise ship, as opposed to one that is operated locally in or from the United States, Homeland Security want what they call a “face check,” that is they want to see every passenger individually.

The time taken to do this literally turns a cruise ship into something more closely resembling an immigrant ship, and the delays incurred have several times shortened passengers’ time in port by anything between three and eight hours. One important result is cancelled shore excursions, there not having been time to perform them after Homeland Security had done their detailed checks.

This treatment of foreign cruise ships by Homeland Security, who have more recently been using the less threatening and more sensible name of its Customs and Border Protection (CBP) section, is costing the US both money and visitors as foreign cruise lines decide it is no longer worth it to call at United States ports. One by one, lines have been forced to make these decisions by their own clientele, who are often elderly and hardly threatening, as the lines cannot afford to subject them to the kind of examination and greeting that has been meted out in recent years by US officials.

To cite just one example, Fred. Olsen Cruise Lines have this year planned a 28-night cruise that will go only to Canada. In five weeks time, on September 5, Balmoral will leave Southampton for Cobh, Halifax, Sydney, Charlottetown, Port Saguenay, Quebec, Trois-Rivières and Montreal, and return by way of Baie Comeau, Gaspé and St John’s, Newfoundland.
In 2009, when  Balmoral left Dover on September 26 for a similar 40-night cruise, she had turned at Montreal and then headed for the delights of New England and New York. But after what is now apparently a typical Homeland Security delay, in this case in Boston,  Balmoral did not return to North America in 2010, and this year’s cruise will make no calls at all in the United States

To go back a bit,  Balmoral had already been subjected to a number of indignities by US bureaucrats in 2008. In that year, just after Fred Olsen had her lengthened, she was sent to Florida to run a small series of cruises out of Miami. On her maiden arrival on March 1, US Coast Guard and US Public Health inspections are said to have forced the line to disembark her passengers two days early, putting them up in local hotels while the authorities did their inspections. While this may have been a decision made by Fred. Olsen in order to ease the inspections, this was not how the voyage had been booked, and in addition to using hotels such as the Hilton, the line gave its passengers a two-day refund, a future cruise credit, a daily food allowance and free shuttle buses to Miami Beach, all of course at some expense.

Passengers on subsequent cruises from Miami still complained of intimidating immigration officers at Miami airport and continual delays in the baggage hall. Although Fred. Olsen also tried a Miami season of big band cruises by the smaller Braemar that autumn, in the end it never repeated the experiment and Miami lost a potential cruise customer.

In 2009 and subsequent years Balmoral went on World Cruises instead, but even there there have been changes. In 2009, sailing eastbound, she visited Alaska Vancouver, Seattle, San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego, and in subsequent years went westbound, calling in Los Angeles and San Francisco in 2010 and 2011 before crossing to Australia. But next year, Balmoral will make no calls at all at US ports. Instead, she will go eastbound again, making four calls in South America before returning to Britain via the Caribbean. But the United States has not been completely ruled out by Fred. Olsen as Black Watch will call at New Orleans and Galveston in the early part of her 2012 Round South America cruise.

Fred. Olsen might have made some breakthrough though, as  Balmoral is scheduled to return to New York in April 2012, operating on charter to Miles Morgan Travel, as she repeats the famous voyage planned but not completed by Titanic 100 years earlier.

Even before Balmoral’s first call in Miami, on December 14, 2006, Hapag-Lloyd had offered a 9-night Caribbean cruise from Fort Lauderdale, expecting to elicit further interest in their product from the American public, especially as Europa had not typically been calling at US ports. But it was at Fort Lauderdale that a CBP passenger inspection of just 400 passengers took more than three hours and excursions had to be delayed or passengers missed them completely. It was at this stage that Hapag-Lloyd decided to reduce the number of calls Europa made to US ports and the result was that on last year’s World Cruise the only US port she called at was Honolulu.

Only recently has Europa made US calls again when she visited California this April and the opportunity was taken to introduce the new Columbus 2 and Europa 2, which are being introduced in 2012 and 2013 respectively, in the US market. After crossing the Pacific, she made calls at San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego. She also made five calls in Hawaii this year. But compared with 2,000 passengers on Arcadia, it takes much less time to process the Europa’s 400, so Hapag-Lloyd have recently been able to return to the US, at least to a small extent. This November Europa will make a Transatlantic voyage from Lisbon to Miami, a switch from Fort Lauderdale, possibly to avoid having to deal with the same CBP agents.

However, Hapag-Lloyd has also called at US ports with its other ships. In May 2008, for example, Bremen operated a 16-night coastal cruise from Fort Lauderdale to Halifax, and Hanseatic makes calls in Alaska each summer. But with Columbus completing her last Great Lakes season this autumn, there will be fewer US calls by Hapag-Lloyd ships.

Even in the Great Lakes, Hapag-Lloyd have had trouble. At one US port, on arrival from Canada, CBP had proposed removing all the passenger’s luggage from the ship in mid-cruise so that it could be inspected and the ship cleared! And Mackinac Island has now lost all calls by non-US ships because to install CBP’s facility requirements would cost $150 for every passenger landed, or three times the onerous Alaska head tax (that has since been reduced) just for one island.

Even Saga Cruises, which operates Saga Ruby and will introduce the Saga Sapphire next spring, as well as Quest for Adventure, is contemplating dropping calls on US ports. With its ships carrying nothing but “foreign” passengers as far as the American authorities are concerned, Saga is in the same position as Fred. Olsen and Hapag-Lloyd, or even P&O Cruises with Arcadia. Others question whether it’s worth going through the expense of raising railings to 54 inches and putting peepholes in all doors as required under the 2010 Cruise Vessel Security and Safety Act.

One thing that is striking is that many of these bureaucratic measures have only come about fairly recently. The terrorist attacks on the United States happened in September 2001 but in April 2008 CBP were still talking about fingerprinting non-US citizens boarding cruise ships departing the United States (!) and in May 2010 about requiring cruise lines to hand over passenger reservation information to CBP, as is done with the airlines. This is years and years after the original event and although the measures seem pointless, a culture now seems to exist in the United States whereby few are willing to object to these costly proposals. In the case of fingerprinting, for example, Homeland Security has proposed contracting this function out to private industry.

Although Homeland Security officials believe cruise ships could become terrorist targets, a 2010 intelligence report from the National Maritime Intelligence Center (NMIC) of the US military found no credible terrorist threat to cruise ships existed. And as there is no sign of progress ahead, many ships will continue to avoid US ports.

Cruise Ship Design – The Good, The Bad and The Ugly

by The Cruise People’s Kevin Griffin writing in cybercruises.com

With all the new ships that have been delivered in the last decade and new orders that are starting to return to the shipyards, there is no question but that we are living in a time when we are lucky to have such a huge selection of ships to choose from when it comes to taking a cruise.

But there is also no question that there is a lot of controversy over some aspects of cruise ship design. Some lines insist on walk-around teak promenade decks, real steamer chairs and forward-facing lounges, whilst others completely ignore these traditional requirements, placing gyms and work-out rooms in the best space on the ship with a view forward, inaccessible promenade decks (those on the Carnival Destiny class have only one door on each side and have no chairs to sit on) and aluminum and plastic-framed deck chairs on the top decks. Just who thought up the idiotic idea of putting the gym at the forward end of the ship and robbing the best views from the rest of the passengers?

Take a line like Holland America Line, for example, which prides itself on making sure that every one of its ships has a completely walk-around promenade deck and forward-facing lounge, the Crows’ Nest, in which to enjoy the sea’s horizon and vistas of the way ahead.

All three of Cunard Line’s Queens have that forward-facing lounge (RMS Queen Mary 2 actually has a group of them) and all three also have wrap-around promenade decks. Public rooms that recall earlier eras are also an attraction on these ships. All three ships are an improvement on RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 in that the only public forward-facing lounge on that ship had been replaced early on in her career by a galley. Over at sister line P&O Cruises, meanwhile,  Oriana and Aurora are two of the better-looking cruise ships ever built, and also benefit from walk-around promenades and forward-facing Crow’s Nest lounges, as does the more recent Arcadia.

When it comes to good-looking cruise ship classes, probably two of the most attractive classes of ship are the eight original almost identical “R” ships and the eleven “Vista” class ships, which differ in their details so that some are better looking than others.

The “R” ships were built for the now-defunct Renaissance Cruises and are now operated variously by Oceania, Azamara, Princess, P&O and soon Hapag-Lloyd Cruises. This class of eight “smaller” cruise ships, accommodating 684 guests each, was built by Chantiers de l’Atlantique, who later built Queen Mary 2.

While their original dark-blue hulls made them rather heavy looking, to-day they all carry white hulls and do have a look a elegance about them, especially at the forward end, where balconies and windows replace what is often a solid blank of white-painted steel at the forward end of a cruise ship superstructure. Their one short-coming is that they do not have wraparound promenade decks, just one to each side of the ship, although they do have forward-facing lounges.

The “Vista” class cruise ships are all products of Fincantieri’s Marghera shipyard in Italy. They were built to a Panamax design that sees them reach the maximum dimensions allowable in the present Panama Canal (which is now being enlarged). These ships benefit from walk-around promenades and forward-facing lounges.

The best looking of the “Vistas” must be the “three” Queens – Queen Victoria, Queen Elizabeth and Arcadia, the latter having actually been intended as the Queen Victoria for Cunard but then transferred to P&O when it was decided to build a slightly longer Queen Victoria instead. A “Vista” class cruise ship in Cunard colours is very striking from almost any angle. And Arcadia in P&O colours is almost as attractive.

Next would come the “Vistas” operated by Costa, two of whose ships, Costa Atlantica and Costa Mediterranea, are actually “Spirit” class Panamax ships built by Aker Yards (now STX Europe) of Finland and have gyms up forward on top instead of lounges. The Marghera-built sisters Costa Luminosa and Costa Deliziosa have been delivered to a hybrid “Spirit/Vista” design and Costa Deliziosa will undertake Costa Cruises’ first world cruise since the days of  Danae and Daphne.

The 99-night cruise departs on December 28 and is being sold either as a full world cruise or in three sectors – 29 nights from Savona to Los Angeles, 38 nights from Los Angeles to Singapore or 31 nights from Singapore to Savona. Costa Deliziosa will thus join three other “Vistas” class ships that offer world cruises, the two Cunard Queens and the Arcadia. What marks out the Costa ships is their yellow and blue “tin can” funnels.

Least handsome of the “Vistas” must be those operated by Holland America, which carry two funnels in line aft, one of which appears to have been mounted backwards. These are the “directional sisters” Zuiderdam, Oosterdam, Westerdam and Noordam (for south, east, west and north), plus the more recent “Signature” class ships Eurodam and Nieuw Amsterdam, making up a class of half a dozen ships for Holland America Line. Like all Holland America ships, they all maintain the walk-around promenade decks and forward-facing Crow’s Nest lounges.

The “Spirit” class ships that we mentioned earlier number half a dozen and in addition to the two Costa ships named above, include Carnival Spirit, Pride and Legend, which for some reason took their names from the original trio of Seabourn ships and are probably the best-looking of the Carnival ships, with their whale-tail funnels. A fourth was Carnival Miracle of 2004, which will go south to Australia next year to become Carnival’s first ship to be based year-round outside the United States.

The only problem with these ships is that every single Carnival ship has its gym mounted on top of the ship forward and this concept was also applied to the “Spirit” class ships. Not only that, but this forward positioning of the gym has also passed over to Costa Cruises, whose ships are now all built on Carnival platforms. Even on the world cruiser Costa Deliziosa a Samsara Spa has taken up this prime forward location.

Elsewhere, many are the fans of the ships of Royal Caribbean, whose sterns have traditionally been round and whose bows are more graceful than the run-of-the-mill cruise ships operated by some other lines. Probably the best-looking of the Royal Caribbean ships are the four “Radiance” class Panamax vessels, Radiance of the Seas, Brilliance of the Seas, Serenade of the Seas and Jewel of the Seas, which have been completed to similar dimensions to the “Vistas.” But while some of these ships may have a walk-around promenade, many miss the forward-facing lounge, which seems to have been supplanted by the Viking Crown lounge with a view over the midship decks.

Princess Cruises has been known for having unusual designs, dolphin’s heads, platypus bill bows, bird’s nest funnels and “shopping trolley handles,” as most people like to call the Skywalker bar in the aileron aft on the Grand Princess sisters. Two of their ships, Coral Princess and Island Princess, even have hair curlers in their bird’s nest funnels. But things are starting to change, in some ways anyway.

Grand Princess was modified at Grand Bahama Shipyard this spring with the removal of her shopping trolley handle and the installation of some gracefully tiered decks aft, which had previously been in the shade of the Skywalker bar, which had to be removed because of problems of metal fatigue. And many are saying they like the appearance of the new Royal Princess and Regal Princess, which haven’t yet been built, but also that they like the appearance of the third of this class, the new ship intended for P&O, even more because she has two more traditional funnels.

MSC Cruises, the best present client for STX France at St Nazaire, began with two quite handsome ships with MSC Opera and MSC Lirica, but as its ships got larger they became less attractive. The MSC Poesia class, for example, has too much tophamper forward while the MSC Fantasia class somehow seem to have got around this problem and are slightly better looking ships. The only problem with the latter is that while her forward-facing lounge has not been supplanted by a gym, it is only available to passengers booked in MSC Yacht Club, which is just First Class by another name.

When it comes to the ugly, you can say what you want about shopping trolley handles but there have to be two clear winners here, and unfortunately Norwegian Cruise Line owns them both. Pride of America, started at Pascagoula, Mississippi, and completed in Bremerhaven in 2005, has such a long superstructure that she appears to have almost no bow at all. And last year’s Norwegian Epic, with her blue carbuncle of suites above the bridge, is positively ugly. This is a shame, as NCL had been known for better-looking ships with their first newbuildings.

Designed originally for Star Cruises and built with extra length (and speed) for longer passages over the Pacific, the earlier ships’ length gave them a sleeker and more streamlined appearance. However, the application of so-called “hull art” to every ship in the fleet does somewhat detract from their appearance, at least to some. And more recently, in order to make more money, NCL has been installing balcony cabins in what used to be these ships’ forward-facing lounges.

Will we see better-looking ships? The two new NCL ships ordered from Meyer Werft will be vastly better looking than Norwegian Epic. The new Royal Caribbean ship (or ships) from the same yard, to be called Project Sunshine, will probably be graceful as well. But the larger these ships get the more tiered rows of balconies the ship designers and shipyards have to deal with, often as many as seven storeys at a time. Meyer Weft has never built an ugly ship, but nevertheless, overcoming the problems of size and multiples decks of balconies on the Celebrity Solstice class has been quite an achievement.

Basically, the bigger the ships get the more difficult it seems to be to keep them pretty, case in point the great hulking giants called Oasis of the Seas and Allure of the Seas, looking like whales that have eaten too much. Set against these of course we also have some more handsome ships of a more modest scale, viz. Oceania’s new Marina and Seabourn’s latest trio. But even here mistakes can be made. The ten-year-old Silver Whisper, for example, is a much better looking ship than Silver Spirit, which appears to be all heaped up forward with extra gills.

What I have said here is completely subjective of course, and very general, but it makes for an interesting discussion, even if you disagree, and one that people should worry about. It all comes down to choosing your ship wisely so that you will not be disappointed.